Billy K.,
Right now in New York the boating education requirement is for boat operators who are at least 10 but less than 18 years old and ALL personal watercraft (PWC) operators. Anyone in this group must have a boating safety certificate to operate in New York, and the only way for them to get this is by taking an 8-hour classroom based course with NY State Parks, USCG Auxiliary or the US Power Squadron.
If you don't fall within these age groups and are not operating a PWC, you can take an online course, however online courses will not result in a certification and are not recognized by the state of New York or on-water enforcement officers. BOATERexam.com offers a free online animated and narrated study guide for New York at
http://www.boaterexam.com/usa/newyork. Boat US also offers a course
http://www.boatus.org/onlinecourse/NewYork.asp
If you don't need to be certified but still want to get your certification and the physical boater education card, you can also look into taking an approved online certification course for another state. As long as the course is NASBLA-approved, it will be accepted in other states you are boating in.
Note that there is a new requirement for Suffolk County residents. As of November 6, 2013, the Suffolk's Safer Waterways Act requires that residents of the county who operate a pleasure vessel on any waters of Suffolk County hold a boating safety certificate.
Clear as mud? LOL. Hope this helps!